মৌলিক ইংরেজি (Basic English) – 205201, ইসলামের ইতিহাস ও সংস্কৃতি – ফাজিল অনার্স ২য় বর্ষ পরীক্ষা ২০২২

ইসলামের ইতিহাস ও সংস্কৃতি (Islamic History & Culture) — ফাজিল অনার্স ২য় বর্ষ পরীক্ষা ২০২২
বিষয়: Basic English (বেসিক ইংলিশ) | বিষয় কোড: 205201
পূর্ণমান: ১০০ | সময়: ৪ ঘণ্টা

ক বিভাগ — ব্যাকরণ ও নির্মিতি (Grammar & Composition)

১। Read the passage and use appropriate determiners, modifiers, headwords, participles, or infinitives in the blanks:

Entering into the classroom, Mr. Saiful Islam found all the students (a) _____ (determiner) noise. He asked them why they were making noise. A student named Rifat said, ‘Sir, we are very glad (b) _____ (modifier).’ Saiful Islam said, ‘Why are you glad?’ The (c) _____ (headword) said, ‘Our cricket team has won the match.’ Saiful Islam became surprised (d) _____ (present participle) the news. At that time, a teacher was passing by the classroom. Mr. Saiful Islam requested him (e) _____ (infinitive) into the classroom.

উত্তরঃ

• (a) making much / a lot of (or: great) [Determiner হিসেবে uncountable noun ‘noise’-এর পূর্বে ‘much’ বা ‘a lot of’ বসে]।
• (b) today / to hear the news [Modifier হিসেবে ‘glad’ বিশেষণকে বিশেষায়িত করতে adverb ‘today’ অথবা infinitive phrase ব্যবহার করা যায়]।
• (c) student / boy [Headword হিসেবে noun ‘student’ বসেছে]।
• (d) hearing / knowing [Present participle (-ing যুক্ত verb) হিসেবে ‘hearing’ অর্থবোধক বাক্য গঠন করে]।
• (e) to enter / to come [Infinitive (to + verb-এর base form) হিসেবে ‘to enter’ উপযুক্ত]।

২। Fill in the blanks with the right form of verbs:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. The work had been (complete) _____ before the teacher arrived.
   উত্তর: completed
   ব্যাখ্যা: Past perfect tense-এর passive voice কাঠামোর (had been + V3) কারণে ‘complete’-এর past participle form ‘completed’ হবে।
2. It is high time we (take) _____ action against corruption.
   উত্তর: took
   ব্যাখ্যা: ‘It is high time’-এর পর subject থাকলে পরবর্তী verb-টি past indefinite tense (V2) হয়।
3. He talks as if he (have) _____ known everything.
   উত্তর: had
   ব্যাখ্যা: ‘As if’-এর পূর্বের clause present indefinite হলে পরের clause past perfect tense হয়। তাই ‘had’ সঠিক।
4. If I (be) _____ a bird, I would fly in the sky.
   উত্তর: were
   ব্যাখ্যা: Second conditional-এ অবাস্তব বা কাল্পনিক ইচ্ছা প্রকাশে singular subject হলেও ‘be’ verb হিসেবে ‘were’ বসে।
5. The train (come) _____ before we reached the station.
   উত্তর: had come
   ব্যাখ্যা: অতীতের দুটি কাজের মধ্যে ‘before’-এর পূর্বের কাজটি past perfect tense (had + V3) হয়।
6. He went to market with a view to (know) _____ the price.
   উত্তর: knowing
   ব্যাখ্যা: Prepositional phrase ‘with a view to’-এর পর verb-এর সাথে ‘ing’ যুক্ত হয়।
7. The book was (buy) _____ yesterday.
   উত্তর: bought
   ব্যাখ্যা: Passive voice-এ ‘was’-এর পর verb-এর past participle form ‘bought’ বসে।
8. The earth (move) _____ round the sun.
   উত্তর: moves
   ব্যাখ্যা: চিরন্তন সত্য (Universal truth) বাক্যে সর্বদা present indefinite tense হয়।

৩। Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. The patient died _____ diarrhoea.
   উত্তর: of
   ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো রোগে মারা গেলে appropriate preposition হিসেবে ‘die of’ বসে।
2. He is capable _____ doing this work.
   উত্তর: of
   ব্যাখ্যা: ‘Capable’-এর পর সর্বদা preposition ‘of’ ব্যবহৃত হয়।
3. They went to Dhaka _____ bus.
   উত্তর: by
   ব্যাখ্যা: যানবাহনে ভ্রমণের মাধ্যম নির্দেশ করতে ‘by bus’, ‘by train’ ইত্যাদি বসে।
4. Do not run _____ money.
   উত্তর: after
   ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো কিছুর পেছনে অযথা ছোটা বা লোভ করা বোঝাতে ‘run after’ বসে।
5. The snake was killed _____ Karim.
   উত্তর: by
   ব্যাখ্যা: Passive voice-এ কাজ সম্পাদনকারী ব্যক্তির পূর্বে ‘by’ বসে।
6. I prefer milk _____ tea.
   উত্তর: to
   ব্যাখ্যা: দুটি জিনিসের মধ্যে অধিক পছন্দ প্রকাশ করতে ‘prefer’-এর পর ‘to’ বসে।
7. He is good _____ English.
   উত্তর: at
   ব্যাখ্যা: কোনো বিষয়ে দক্ষতা প্রকাশে ‘good at’ বসে।
8. Do not deviate _____ the path of truth.
   উত্তর: from
   ব্যাখ্যা: সঠিক পথ থেকে বিচ্যুত হওয়া বোঝাতে ‘deviate from’ বসে।

৪। Change the voice of the following sentences:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. Who teaches you English?
   উত্তর: By whom are you taught English? (অথবা: By whom is English taught to you?)
2. Smoke filled the room.
   উত্তর: The room was filled with smoke.
   নোট: ‘Filled’-এর পর passive voice-এ ‘by’-এর পরিবর্তে appropriate preposition ‘with’ বসে।
3. They elected him class captain.
   উত্তর: He was elected class captain by them.
4. Salma could not help me.
   উত্তর: I could not be helped by Salma.
5. One should keep one’s promises.
   উত্তর: Promises should be kept.
6. Did the man kill the snake?
   উত্তর: Was the snake killed by the man?
7. The rose smells sweet.
   উত্তর: The rose is sweet when it is smelt. (Quasi-passive voice)
8. Do not hate the poor.
   উত্তর: Let not the poor be hated.

৫। Change the following into indirect narration:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. The teacher said, “The earth is round.”
   উত্তর: The teacher said that the earth is round.
   ব্যাখ্যা: চিরন্তন সত্য বাক্য indirect speech-এ অপরিবর্তিত থাকে।
2. He said, “What a good idea it is!”
   উত্তর: He exclaimed with joy that it was a very good idea.
3. Mother said to me, “Don’t tell a lie.”
   উত্তর: Mother advised me not to tell a lie. (অথবা: Mother forbade me to tell a lie.)
4. The teacher said to the boy, “Have you finished your work?”
   উত্তর: The teacher asked the boy if he had finished his work.
5. He said to me, “Where do you live?”
   উত্তর: He asked me where I lived.
6. They said, “Long live our country.”
   উত্তর: They prayed that their country might live long.
7. The boy said, “Let us go for a walk.”
   উত্তর: The boy proposed that they should go for a walk.
8. He said to me, “Please do me a favour.”
   উত্তর: He requested me to do him a favour.

৬। Make sentences with the following phrases and idioms:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

• A black sheep (কুলাঙ্গার): Every large organization has a black sheep who damages its public reputation.
• Gala day (উৎসবের আনন্দঘন দিন): The Annual Sports Day is always a gala day for all madrasah students.
• Hue and cry (শোরগোল): The villagers raised a loud hue and cry when they spotted a thief in the night.
• Part and parcel (অবিচ্ছেদ্য অংশ): Punctuality and hard study are part and parcel of academic excellence.
• Catch sight of (একনজর দেখা): As the train departed, I caught sight of my grandfather standing on the platform.
• Crying need (জরুরি প্রয়োজন): Modern computer lab facilities are the crying need of Islamic institutions today.
• Bed of roses (পুষ্পশয্যা): Human life is full of challenges and tests; it is never a bed of roses.
• Ins and outs (খুঁটিনাটি তথ্য): The experienced scholar knew all the ins and outs of Islamic jurisprudence.

৭। Complete the sentences using appropriate parts of speech:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. Time and tide wait for _____ (noun).
   উত্তর: none (অথবা: no man)
2. Nazrul is one of the greatest _____ (noun).
   উত্তর: poets of Bangladesh
3. The Padma is a _____ (adjective) river.
   উত্তর: mighty (অথবা: big)
4. The boy is too weak _____ (infinitive).
   উত্তর: to walk fast
5. Honesty is the _____ (adjective) policy.
   উত্তর: best
6. The cow gives _____ (pronoun) milk.
   উত্তর: us
7. How _____ (adjective) I am today!
   উত্তর: happy
8. We must _____ (verb) our parents.
   উত্তর: obey (অথবা: respect)

৮। Fill in the blanks with modal auxiliary verbs:

উত্তরঃ (যেকোনো ৫টির সমাধান)

1. You _____ (can/must) speak English fluently if you practice daily.
   উত্তর: can
2. A bird _____ (can/should) fly in the sky.
   উত্তর: can
3. It _____ (may/will) rain today as the sky is cloudy.
   উত্তর: may
4. We _____ (must/should) respect our elders.
   উত্তর: should (অথবা: must)
5. _____ (May/Can) you be happy in life!
   উত্তর: May
6. A blind man _____ (cannot/might) see anything.
   উত্তর: cannot
7. We _____ (ought to/could) love our motherland.
   উত্তর: ought to
8. Everyone _____ (must/may) die one day.
   উত্তর: must

৯। Translate into English:

(ক) পবিত্র সূরা আল-ফাতিহা:

1. সমস্ত প্রশংসা আল্লাহর জন্য, যিনি সকল সৃষ্টির পালনকর্তা।
   All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all the worlds.
2. পরম দয়ালু, অতিশয় মেহেরবান।
   The Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
3. বিচার দিবসের অধিপতি।
   Master of the Day of Judgment.
4. আমরা কেবল তোমারই ইবাদত করি এবং কেবল তোমারই কাছে সাহায্য চাই।
   You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.
5. আমাদেরকে সরল পথ প্রদর্শন কর।
   Guide us to the straight path.
6. সে সমস্ত লোকের পথ, যাদের প্রতি তুমি অনুগ্রহ করেছ।
   The path of those upon whom You have bestowed Your grace.
7. তাদের পথ নয় যারা ক্রোধের শিকার এবং যারা পথভ্রষ্ট।
   Not of those who have evoked Your wrath or of those who are astray.

(খ) কুরআনের আয়াত:

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ

English Translation:
“O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous.” (Surah Al-Baqarah: 183)

১০। Write a paragraph on “Digital Bangladesh”:

উত্তরঃ

Digital Bangladesh
“Digital Bangladesh” is a visionary concept and milestone in the modern developmental history of Bangladesh. The prime objective of Digital Bangladesh is to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) into every sphere of governance, education, healthcare, economy, and everyday citizen services. By expanding high-speed internet connectivity from urban centers to remote rural union parishads through submarine cables and optic fibers, Bangladesh has drastically reduced the digital divide. Today, essential administrative services, public exam registrations, e-banking, mobile financial services (MFS) like bKash and Nagad, e-passports, and digital land mutation are easily accessible at citizens’ fingertips. Furthermore, freelancing and ICT outsourcing have emerged as formidable drivers of youth employment and foreign remittance. The launch of the Bangabandhu Satellite-1 marked a historic technological breakthrough in our telecommunication self-reliance. Overall, Digital Bangladesh has laid the robust foundation for transitioning toward a knowledge-based, transparent, technologically empowered, and prosperous “Smart Bangladesh.”

১১। Application for setting up a Language Club:

উত্তরঃ

Date: 25 October 2022
To
The Principal
Darunnajat Siddikia Kamil Madrasah, Dhaka.

Subject: Application for setting up an English and Arabic Language Club.

Sir,
We, the students of the Fazil (Honours) department of your renowned madrasah, beg most respectfully to state that proficiency in communicative English and Arabic has become indispensable in contemporary higher academic pursuits and global employment. Although our madrasah provides excellent formal curriculum education, we lack an active extracurricular platform to practice oral fluency, public speaking, listening skills, and interactive debates. Setting up a dedicated Language Club equipped with audio-visual learning tools, language magazines, and weekly group discussions would immensely enrich our communicative competence and confidence.

We, therefore, fervently pray and hope that your honour would be kind enough to grant us permission and necessary institutional support to establish a Language Club within our madrasah compound.

We remain,
Sir,
Yours obediently,
The students of Fazil (Honours) 2nd Year
On behalf of the students body.

১২। Write a dialogue between two friends about the importance of Metro Rail:

উত্তরঃ

A Dialogue on the Importance of Metro Rail in Dhaka City

Farhan: Assalamu Alaikum, Tanvir! How are you?

Tanvir: Wa Alaikumus Salaam! I am great, Farhan. What about you?

Farhan: I am fine too. Were you following the latest news regarding the launch of the Dhaka Metro Rail project?

Tanvir: Absolutely! The mass rapid transit (MRT) system is an absolute blessing and a historic milestone in Bangladesh’s public transportation network.

Farhan: I completely agree with you. Traffic congestion in Dhaka has been stealing millions of productive working hours every single day. How do you think Metro Rail will solve this chronic issue?

Tanvir: First and foremost, the Metro Rail operates on dedicated elevated tracks with high frequency, enabling commuters to travel from Uttara to Motijheel in just around 35 to 40 minutes! It guarantees punctual, air-conditioned, and comfortable travel.

Farhan: Exactly. In addition, since the trains are powered by electricity, it produces zero carbon emissions, drastically reducing urban air pollution and noise pollution.

Tanvir: Very true. It will also significantly boost economic productivity by saving countless hours for office goers, professionals, and students alike.

Farhan: Indeed. Modern urban infrastructure like the Metro Rail proves that Bangladesh is steadily progressing into a modern, technologically advanced nation.

Tanvir: Well said, Farhan! We must maintain civic discipline and keep our Metro stations and trains clean.

Farhan: You are right. Thank you so much for the insightful discussion, Tanvir. Take care!

Tanvir: You are most welcome, Farhan. Have a wonderful day!

সাধারণ জিজ্ঞাসা (FAQ)